The Story of Petras Činšas – A Unique Hero of Lithuania’s Independence

Remembering a Volunteer from China Who Fought for Lithuania’s Freedom

• Key Date: February 16, 1918
• Event: Signing of the Act of Independence
• Significance: Marks Lithuania’s restored sovereignty
• Hero Spotlight: Petras Činšas, a Chinese volunteer who fought for Lithuania
• 2025 Anniversary: Commemorating 107 years since the Act of Independence

February 16, 1918, is a landmark date in Lithuania’s history, symbolizing the country’s restored independence through the Act of Independence. However, behind every historical event lies the remarkable stories of individuals whose sacrifices brought these milestones to life. Among them was Petras Činšas, a volunteer of Chinese descent whose dedication to Lithuania epitomizes the universal fight for freedom. This unique tale underscores the diverse contributions that shaped modern Lithuania.

The Act of Independence and Its Significance

Historical Context of the Act

The Act of Independence, signed on February 16, 1918, was a decisive response to Lithuania’s historical struggles under oppressive regimes. With German forces occupying the region during World War I, the Council of Lithuania saw a pivotal moment to declare sovereignty. Drawing on Lithuania’s deep historical roots and right to self-determination, the act rejected foreign domination and established an independent state. This bold declaration symbolized the nation’s collective yearning to reclaim its identity and future.

Key Figures Behind the Act

The act’s success owed much to visionaries such as Jonas Basanavičius, Antanas Smetona, and the Council of Lithuania. Jonas Basanavičius, revered as the “Father of the Nation,” was a tireless advocate for cultural revival and independence. His leadership and Smetona’s political acumen united disparate factions, ensuring Lithuania could present a cohesive front to its citizens and the international community. These leaders demonstrated extraordinary resilience, navigating complex geopolitical pressures to secure their nation’s freedom.

Everyday Impact of the Act

For ordinary Lithuanians, the Act of Independence was transformative. Schools began teaching in Lithuanian, rekindling a sense of national pride in younger generations. Traditional festivals and public events flourished as platforms to celebrate and solidify cultural identity. The act meant hope for a future free from foreign suppression for families. These everyday changes allowed citizens to reconnect with their heritage and actively participate in shaping a sovereign Lithuania.

Cultural Revitalization

Beyond its political implications, the act catalyzed a cultural awakening. Lithuanian writers and artists embraced themes of patriotism, producing works that resonated deeply with the populace. Publications in the Lithuanian language surged, preserving the nation’s linguistic heritage. This period marked a revival of folk traditions, music, and art, which played an integral role in unifying the country. Therefore, the act served as a beacon for political and cultural regeneration.

Impact on Lithuania’s Sovereignty

The Declaration of Independence established Lithuania as a democratic state and laid the groundwork for modern governance. It became a symbol of resilience during subsequent Soviet and Nazi occupations, reminding Lithuanians of their right to freedom. Furthermore, the act fostered Lithuania’s commitment to neutrality and peace, which continued to guide its diplomatic relationships throughout the 20th century.

Relevance to 2025 Anniversary

In 2025, Lithuania will celebrate 107 years since the signing of the Act of Independence. This milestone underscores the act’s enduring importance as a cornerstone of national identity. It reminds modern Lithuanians of the sacrifices made by their ancestors and the responsibility to uphold the values of freedom, unity, and cultural preservation. The anniversary provides an opportunity to reflect on the progress achieved and the enduring strength of the Lithuanian spirit.

A Chinese Volunteer in Lithuania’s Fight for Freedom

The Act of Independence was signed amidst the chaos of World War I and German occupation. It declared Lithuania a sovereign state, no longer subject to foreign rule. This bold statement of self-determination set the foundation for a free Lithuania, embodying the hopes and sacrifices of its people.

While the act’s signatories, such as Jonas Basanavičius and Antanas Smetona, are well-known, countless individuals contributed to securing this independence. One of the most extraordinary stories is that of Petras Činšas, a volunteer of Chinese descent. His journey from Shandong, China, to Lithuania’s battlefields is a tale of unwavering commitment and courage. Činša’s story enriches our understanding of the sacrifices and diverse paths those who fought for Lithuania’s sovereignty took.

Petras Činšas – From China to Lithuania’s Battlefields

Early Life and Arrival in Lithuania

Petras Činšas was born in 1896 in Shandong, China, a region known for its resilience and historical significance. His journey to Lithuania began under extraordinary circumstances during World War I. Historical accounts suggest that a Russian officer brought Činšas to Europe, where he ultimately found himself amidst Lithuania’s fight for independence. The cultural and linguistic barriers he faced were immense, yet his resolve never wavered.

Joining the Fight for Independence

In 1919, Činšas volunteered for the Lithuanian army, fully embracing the struggle for sovereignty. He was assigned to the Belarusian Battalion, where he quickly proved his value. His unit engaged in crucial battles, including intense skirmishes near Seinai against Polish forces. These battles were instrumental in securing Lithuania’s borders and establishing a defense against foreign threats.

Ingenious Tactics During Captivity

Captured by Polish forces during a critical encounter, Činša’s captors were bewildered by his Asian appearance – a rarity on European battlefields. Seizing the opportunity, Činšas employed psychological tactics, claiming that an entire corps of Chinese volunteers fought for Lithuania. This clever ruse sowed confusion among the enemy ranks and demonstrated his strategic acumen. Činšas later orchestrated a daring escape, rejoining his comrades and continuing his service with unwavering determination.

A Symbol of Diversity and Unity

Činša’s story is a testament to the diverse contributions to Lithuania’s independence. Despite his foreign origins, he fully integrated into the Lithuanian cause, embodying the values of loyalty and courage. His presence in the army symbolized the universal quest for freedom and highlighted the importance of unity across cultural and national boundaries.

Honoring the Legacy of a Unique Volunteer

Integration into Lithuanian Society

After the war, Petras Činšas chose to remain in Lithuania, fully committing himself to his adopted homeland. Despite initial challenges, he mastered the Lithuanian language and became a respected community member in Kaunas. His marriage to a Lithuanian woman further symbolized his deep-rooted ties to the nation, and he eventually embraced Christianity, showcasing his dedication to integrating culturally and spiritually.

Public Recognition and Commemorative Roles

Činšas played an active role in public life, frequently participating in ceremonies that honored Lithuania’s independence and its fallen soldiers. One of his most notable contributions was his involvement in the Eternal Flame ceremonies at the Vytautas, the Great War Museum. These ceremonies served as a solemn tribute to the sacrifices made during Lithuania’s struggle for freedom, with Činša’s presence adding a unique and inspiring dimension.

Loss of His Grave and Symbolic Remembrance

During the Soviet era, many symbols of Lithuanian independence and national pride were deliberately erased as part of broader policies to suppress the country’s historical and cultural identity. Among the casualties was the grave of Petras Činšas in Kaunas, which was destroyed during the regime’s campaign to eliminate reminders of Lithuania’s sovereign past. These actions were part of a systematic effort to dismantle sites of historical significance, including cemeteries, memorials, and archives, to rewrite history and undermine national memory.

This destruction had far-reaching effects on Lithuania’s cultural memory, leaving generations without tangible connections to their historical heroes. The absence of Činša’s grave is a poignant reminder of the loss inflicted by Soviet policies, which sought to extinguish the nation’s identity. However, his legacy persists through oral histories, commemorations, and symbolic gestures. In 2011, Lithuanian travelers honored Činšas at a Buddhist temple near Lake Baikal, a meaningful tribute that reconnected his Chinese heritage with his contributions to Lithuania’s fight for freedom. This act of remembrance highlights the resilience of cultural memory and the importance of preserving historical narratives, even in the face of deliberate erasure.

Lessons from Petras Činša’s Legacy

The life of Petras Činšas offers valuable lessons about resilience, loyalty, and the universal fight for freedom. His journey from Shandong to the battlefields of Lithuania is a testament to the power of shared values and the importance of embracing diversity in pursuing common goals.

More: Už Lietuvos nepriklausomybę kovėsi kinas